Cognitivism

Cognitivism is the philosophical view that moral statements express beliefs that can be true or false—like factual claims. For example, saying "murder is wrong" is treated as a belief that can be evaluated for its truthfulness. This contrasts with moral anti-realism, which denies that moral statements have objective truth; instead, they might reflect emotions or attitudes. In moral realism, cognitivism aligns with the idea that some moral claims correspond to objective moral facts, whereas anti-realists see morality as more subjective or relative to cultural or individual perspectives.