Byzantine economic history

Byzantine economic history spans the empire from the 4th to the 15th centuries, characterized by a blend of Roman traditions and new practices. The economy relied on agriculture, trade, and taxation. Constantinople became a key trade hub connecting Europe and Asia. The state intervened actively in the economy, regulating prices and controlling goods to stabilize markets. Byzantine currency, especially the solidus, was a standard for trade. However, challenges like invasions, plagues, and internal strife led to economic decline, culminating in the empire’s fall in 1453. The Byzantine economic system influenced future European structures, especially in trade and monetary policy.