Boltzmann distribution

The Boltzmann distribution describes how particles are distributed among different energy levels in a system at thermal equilibrium. It shows that lower energy states are more likely to be occupied than higher energy states. Specifically, the likelihood of a particle being in a certain energy state decreases exponentially as energy increases. This principle helps explain various phenomena in physics and chemistry, such as temperature effects on gas molecules or reaction rates in chemical processes, by linking temperature to particle energy and distribution. Essentially, it illustrates the relationship between energy, probability, and temperature in statistical mechanics.