Ionization Equilibrium

Ionization equilibrium refers to a state in a chemical system where the rates of ionization and recombination of molecules are balanced. In simpler terms, it occurs when the number of atoms or molecules losing electrons to form ions equals the number gaining electrons to become neutral again. This balance is crucial in many areas, including chemistry and biology, as it influences the behavior of substances in solutions, the atmosphere, and even in stars. When conditions change (e.g., temperature or pressure), the equilibrium can shift, affecting the overall ionization levels in the system.