bicarbonate buffering system

The bicarbonate buffering system is a way the body maintains pH balance in the blood. It involves bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) and carbonic acid (H2CO3), which can neutralize excess acids or bases. When blood becomes too acidic, bicarbonate can react with hydrogen ions (H+) to reduce acidity. Conversely, if the blood is too alkaline, carbonic acid can release H+ ions to restore balance. This system is crucial for normal bodily functions, ensuring that enzymes and processes operate effectively within the healthy pH range of 7.35 to 7.45.