Ancient Israelite and Judean History

Ancient Israelite and Judean history encompasses the development of a distinct culture and religion around 1200 BCE to 70 CE in the region now known as Israel and Palestine. Initially, tribes united under leaders like Saul and David, forming the Kingdom of Israel. Splitting into the northern Kingdom of Israel and the southern Kingdom of Judah, they faced invasions and exile. The Babylonians conquered Judah in 586 BCE, leading to the Babylonian Captivity. Later, under Persian rule, many returned, rebuilding the Temple. This history shaped Jewish identity, influencing monotheism and the broader context of Ancient Near Eastern cultures.