Amir Abdur Rahman Khan

Amir Abdur Rahman Khan (1844-1901) was a ruler of Afghanistan known for modernizing the country and consolidating its power. He became Amir (leader) in 1880 and focused on uniting various tribes and enforcing central authority. His reign saw military reforms and infrastructure development, but also harsh policies against dissent. Abdur Rahman is often referred to as the "Iron Amir" for his strict rule. He navigated complex relationships with British India and Russia, ensuring Afghanistan's independence while maintaining a buffer state status. His legacy is mixed, as he balanced modernization with autocracy, shaping Afghanistan's future.