19th Century Industry

The 19th century marked a transformative period known as the Industrial Revolution, characterized by a shift from agrarian economies to industrialized ones. Innovations like the steam engine, mechanized textile production, and railroads revolutionized manufacturing and transport, leading to urbanization as people moved to cities for jobs. Factory work became common, often in poor conditions, while advancements in technology boosted productivity. This era also saw significant social changes, including the rise of the working and middle classes, as well as movements advocating for workers’ rights and reforms. Overall, the 19th century laid the groundwork for the modern industrialized world.