The Second Industrial Revolution

The Second Industrial Revolution, occurring roughly from the late 19th to early 20th centuries, marked a period of significant technological advancement and industrial growth, particularly in Europe and North America. Innovations such as electricity, the telephone, and the internal combustion engine transformed industries and daily life. This era saw the rise of large-scale manufacturing, advancements in chemical processes, and the expansion of railroads and telecommunication systems. It led to urbanization, a more interconnected global economy, and changes in labor, including the rise of factory work and labor movements advocating for workers' rights.