World War II (1939-45)

World War II, from 1939 to 1945, significantly impacted Australia. Initially aligned with Britain, Australia declared war on Germany following the invasion of Poland. The war effort saw over a million Australians enlist, with many fighting in key battles in the Pacific against Japan after the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941. The war led to increased industrialization and shifts in society, including women entering the workforce. Australia became more independent in foreign policy, strengthening ties with the United States. The war ultimately shaped Australia's national identity and post-war development, laying the foundation for its modern role in the world.