Vertebrate Integument

Vertebrate integument refers to the outer protective covering of animals with a backbone, such as mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. It consists primarily of skin, which has multiple layers that serve various roles, including protection against injury and pathogens, regulation of temperature, and sensation of the environment. Integument also includes related structures such as hair, scales, feathers, and nails, all of which contribute to an animal's survival and adaptation by providing insulation, camouflage, or defense. Overall, the integument plays a crucial role in maintaining the body's health and interacting with its surroundings.