Thyroid Pathophysiology

Thyroid pathophysiology refers to how diseases or disorders of the thyroid gland affect its function. The thyroid produces hormones that regulate metabolism, energy, and overall health. When the gland is overactive (hyperthyroidism), it produces too much hormone, leading to symptoms like weight loss and anxiety. Conversely, underactivity (hypothyroidism) results in insufficient hormone levels, causing fatigue and weight gain. Conditions like Hashimoto's thyroiditis and Graves’ disease involve immune system attacks on the thyroid, disrupting hormone balance. Understanding these imbalances helps in diagnosing and treating related health issues effectively.