thermal stress
Thermal stress occurs when a material expands or contracts due to temperature changes, creating internal forces. For example, if a metal rod is heated, it expands; if it’s confined and can't expand freely, the resulting pressure can lead to cracks or failure. Conversely, cooling can cause contraction, generating stress as well. This concept is important in engineering and construction, where materials must endure temperature fluctuations without damage. Understanding thermal stress helps ensure the reliability and safety of structures and machinery, as materials need to withstand their thermal environment without breaking or deforming.
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Thermal stress occurs when materials expand or contract due to temperature changes. When heated, most materials expand; when cooled, they contract. If these changes happen unevenly or too quickly, it can create internal forces, leading to stress. For example, if one section of a metal bridge heats up while another remains cool, the differing expansions can cause the material to warp or crack. This is important in engineering and construction, as it can affect the integrity and longevity of structures and components. Proper design considers thermal stress to prevent damage and ensure safety.