The Genetics of Domestication

The genetics of domestication involves changes in the DNA of animals and plants that have been bred by humans for specific traits. Over generations, selective breeding emphasizes certain characteristics, like size, behavior, or yield. This process alters gene expression, leading to physical and behavioral differences from their wild relatives. For example, dogs were domesticated from wolves, emphasizing traits like tameness and sociability. Genetic research helps us understand how these traits emerged and how domestication impacts biodiversity, highlighting both the successes and challenges of breeding species for human needs.