The French Campaign in Russia

The French Campaign in Russia, also known as the Russian Campaign of 1812, was a major military expedition led by Napoleon Bonaparte during the Napoleonic Wars. Seeking to compel Russia to remain in his economic blockade against Britain, Napoleon launched an invasion with over 600,000 troops. However, the campaign faced severe challenges, including harsh winter conditions, supply issues, and Russian tactics of retreat and scorched earth. By the end of the campaign, the French army suffered catastrophic losses, with only a fraction returning home. This disastrous campaign marked a turning point that led to the decline of Napoleon's power in Europe.