The Aeolipile

The Aeolipile, often recognized as one of the earliest steam engines, was invented by Hero of Alexandria in the 1st century AD. It consists of a hollow sphere mounted on a pedestal, with steam generated from boiling water inside it. As the steam escapes through nozzles, it causes the sphere to rotate. This simple device demonstrated the principles of steam propulsion, illustrating how steam pressure can create motion. Although it had no practical applications at the time, the Aeolipile laid the groundwork for future developments in steam technology and the eventual creation of modern engines.