Taifa period

The Taifa period (1031–1086) refers to a time in medieval Spain when the Muslim kingdom of Al-Andalus fragmented into numerous independent principalities, known as Taifas. After the fall of the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba, these smaller states emerged, each ruled by various local leaders. This era was marked by cultural flourishing, with advancements in art, science, and philosophy, as well as significant interactions with Jewish and Christian communities. However, the Taifas were often in conflict, which eventually led to their conquest by the Almoravids, a North African dynasty, seeking to unite the regions under stronger Islamic rule.