Spearman's rank correlation coefficient

Spearman's rank correlation coefficient measures the strength and direction of the relationship between two ranked variables. Instead of looking at raw scores, it considers the order or ranking of values. For example, if you rank participants in a test and their scores in another activity, Spearman's coefficient shows how closely related those ranks are. A value close to +1 indicates a strong positive correlation (both ranks move together), while a value close to -1 indicates a strong negative correlation (one rank increases as the other decreases). A value around 0 suggests no correlation.