Correlation

Correlation is a statistical measure that describes the relationship between two variables, showing how they change together. When variables are positively correlated, they tend to rise and fall in unison; for example, the more hours you study, the better your test scores may be. When negatively correlated, one variable increases as the other decreases—like the more miles you drive, the less fuel remains. A correlation close to zero indicates little to no relationship. It's important to note that correlation does not imply causation; just because two things move together doesn’t mean one causes the other.