RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription PCR)

RT-PCR, or reverse transcription PCR, is a laboratory technique used to detect specific RNA molecules, such as those from viruses. It works in two steps: first, it converts the RNA into DNA using an enzyme called reverse transcriptase. Then, it amplifies, or makes many copies of, this DNA through a process called polymerase chain reaction (PCR). This amplification allows scientists to identify and measure the presence of particular RNA sequences, helping diagnose infections or analyze gene expression. RT-PCR is valued for its sensitivity and accuracy in detecting tiny amounts of genetic material.