Prince-Bishopric of Cologne

The Prince-Bishopric of Cologne was a significant ecclesiastical state in medieval Germany, combining both religious and political power. Ruled by a bishop, it controlled the city of Cologne and surrounding regions. Established in the 9th century, it played a crucial role in the Holy Roman Empire. The prince-bishops wielded authority over spiritual matters, while also managing local governance and military affairs. The city of Cologne became a vital center for trade, culture, and religion, influencing the development of the region well into the late Middle Ages and beyond. The alliance of church and state here was emblematic of that era.