Polymerase Chain Reaction

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a laboratory technique used to make many copies of a specific segment of DNA. It involves three main steps: first, heating the sample to separate the DNA strands; second, cooling it so short DNA primers can attach to target sequences; and third, adding an enzyme called DNA polymerase that builds new DNA strands from these primers. Repeating these steps efficiently amplifies the desired DNA segment, making it easier to analyze or test. PCR is widely used in medical diagnosis, forensics, and biological research to quickly and accurately replicate specific DNA regions.