Polish independence movements

Poland's independence movements primarily emerged after the partitions of the late 18th century, when Poland was divided among Russia, Prussia, and Austria. Throughout the 19th century, Poles sought to regain sovereignty through uprisings, such as the November Uprising (1830) and the January Uprising (1863). The struggle continued through World War I, leading to Poland's re-establishment as an independent nation in 1918. The 20th century saw further conflicts, including World War II and communist domination, but the Solidarity movement in the 1980s played a crucial role in ending communist rule and securing Poland's freedom and democracy.