Operons

Operons are a fundamental concept in genetics, particularly in bacteria. They are clusters of genes that operate together under the control of a single regulator, allowing the cell to efficiently manage the production of proteins. When certain substances are present, the operon can be turned on to produce specific proteins needed for functions like metabolism. When those substances are absent, the operon is turned off to conserve resources. This system helps bacteria respond quickly to changes in their environment, making it an essential part of their survival strategy.