Normal Vector

A normal vector is an imaginary line that is perpendicular to a surface or a curve at a specific point. In simpler terms, think of it as a straight arrow sticking out from a flat plane or a curved shape, pointing directly away from the surface. Normal vectors are important in various fields, including physics and computer graphics, as they help determine how surfaces interact with light, forces, or other surfaces. By understanding the angle and direction of a normal vector, we can predict behaviors such as reflection, refraction, and shading.