Monsoon

A monsoon is a seasonal climate pattern characterized by significant changes in wind and rainfall, typically occurring over South Asia, Southeast Asia, and parts of Africa and Australia. During a monsoon, warm, moist air masses shift and bring heavy rains, which are crucial for agriculture and water supply. These shifts are driven by temperature differences between land and ocean; in summer, land heats up faster than the water, creating low pressure that pulls moist air inland. In winter, the pattern reverses, causing dry conditions. Monsoons are vital for ecosystems but can also cause flooding and damage.