Modernization Theory

Modernization Theory is a perspective in social sciences that explains how societies develop and transform. It suggests that as countries industrialize and adopt modern practices—such as urbanization, technological advancement, and improved education—they move from traditional lifestyles to more advanced, economically productive, and democratic systems. This theory often implies that development happens in stages and that richer, developed countries have models that less developed nations can follow to achieve similar progress. Critics argue that it can overlook cultural differences and the complex realities of development.