Miscalibration

Miscalibration refers to a mismatch between our confidence in our knowledge and the actual accuracy of that knowledge. In general knowledge contexts, this means we might feel very sure about an answer, but it can be wrong. For example, if someone confidently states an incorrect fact, they are miscalibrated—they overestimate their understanding. This often happens because we rely on our instincts or past experiences rather than accurate information. Miscalibration highlights the importance of seeking evidence and being open to correction to improve our knowledge and understanding.