Mario Bunge

Mario Bunge was an Argentine philosopher and physicist known for his work in the philosophy of science. He advocated for a view called emergentism, which posits that complex systems can exhibit properties that are not apparent from their individual parts, meaning new characteristics emerge at higher levels of organization. However, Bunge also acknowledges reductionism, which suggests that understanding a system's parts can help explain the whole. His philosophy emphasizes a scientific worldview, integrating different fields while distinguishing between levels of explanation, ultimately aiming to clarify how science can understand reality through both emergent and reductionist perspectives.