MacArthur-Wilson Theory of Island Biogeography

The MacArthur-Wilson Theory of Island Biogeography explains how the number of species on an island depends on its size and distance from the mainland. Larger islands usually support more species because they provide more resources and habitats. Islands closer to the mainland have more species due to easier access for animals and plants to arrive. The theory also suggests a balance between colonization (new species arriving) and extinction (species disappearing), which determines the number of species over time. This concept helps us understand biodiversity and conservation efforts on islands and isolated habitats.