Klaus von Klitzing

Klaus von Klitzing is a German physicist known for his discovery of the quantum Hall effect, which occurs in two-dimensional electron systems exposed to strong magnetic fields at very low temperatures. This phenomenon reveals quantized values of electrical resistance, leading to fundamental insights in condensed matter physics. His work has significant implications for semiconductor technology and the development of precise measurements, including the definition of the international standard for resistance. In 1985, von Klitzing was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his groundbreaking contributions, which have advanced our understanding of electrons in materials.