Kingdom of Italy

The Kingdom of Italy was established in 1861, when various independent states on the Italian peninsula united under a monarchy. This unification was largely driven by figures like Giuseppe Garibaldi and Count Camillo di Cavour, aiming to create a single nation. The kingdom expanded its territory over the following decades, acquiring regions like Veneto and Rome. It played a significant role in European politics, particularly during World War I and II. The monarchy ended in 1946 when Italy became a republic following a referendum, marking a significant change in its governance and political landscape.