Kemalism

Kemalism is the founding ideology of modern Turkey, developed by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in the early 20th century. It emphasizes nationalism, secularism, modernization, state control of the economy, and reforms in education and women's rights. The goal was to transform the former Ottoman Empire into a modern, secular nation-state. Key principles include the separation of religion from government affairs, the promotion of a Turkish identity, and progressive social reforms to encourage democracy and equality. Kemalism laid the groundwork for Turkey's political and cultural landscape in the 20th century and beyond.