Ivan Pavlov's Dogs

Ivan Pavlov was a Russian scientist known for his work on conditioning, which he famously demonstrated with dogs. He found that when he rang a bell before feeding the dogs, they began to salivate at the sound of the bell alone, even when no food was present. This became known as classical conditioning, where an automatic response (salivation) is triggered by a neutral stimulus (the bell) after being paired repeatedly with an unconditioned stimulus (the food). Pavlov's experiments highlighted how behaviors can be learned and showed the importance of associations in psychology.