HATs (histone acetyltransferases)

Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) are enzymes that modify proteins called histones, which help package DNA in our cells. By attaching acetyl groups to histones, HATs loosen their grip on DNA, making it more accessible for the cell's machinery to read the genetic information. This process plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression, influencing how genes are turned on or off. Essentially, HATs help control which proteins are made within the cell, affecting everything from growth to responses to environmental changes. Their activity is vital for normal cellular functions and development.