Histone Acetyltransferases

Histone Acetyltransferases (HATs) are enzymes that modify histones, the protein structures around which DNA is wrapped. By adding acetyl groups to histones, HATs reduce the tightness of this DNA packaging. This change makes the DNA more accessible for genes to be read and expressed. Essentially, HATs play a key role in regulating gene activity, influencing processes like cell development and response to signals. They are vital for controlling which genes are turned on or off, helping maintain normal cellular functions.