Hammer of the Scots

"Hammer of the Scots" refers to the title given to Edward I of England during the late 13th century, particularly for his military campaigns against Scotland. After the death of Scottish King Alexander III, Scotland experienced political instability, prompting Edward to assert control. His forces defeated the Scots at the Battle of Dunbar in 1296, leading to temporary English dominance over Scotland. Edward's harsh rule and efforts to impose English authority incited Scottish resistance, ultimately contributing to the Scottish Wars of Independence, where figures like William Wallace and Robert the Bruce emerged as national heroes fighting for Scotland’s freedom.