Scottish Wars of Independence

The Scottish Wars of Independence were a series of conflicts from 1296 to 1357 between Scotland and England, primarily over Scotland's right to self-rule. The wars began when England's King Edward I invaded Scotland. Key figures like William Wallace and Robert the Bruce emerged as leaders for the Scots, fighting for freedom. Major battles included Stirling Bridge and Bannockburn. The wars led to a temporary independence for Scotland, solidified by the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton in 1328, though full sovereignty faced challenges thereafter. These conflicts greatly shaped Scottish identity and its relationship with England.