Ghaznavid dynasty

The Ghaznavid dynasty was a Muslim empire that ruled large parts of present-day Afghanistan, Iran, and northern India from the 10th to the 12th centuries. Founded by Mahmud of Ghazni, it is known for its military conquests and the spread of Islam in South Asia. The dynasty was marked by cultural and scientific achievements, promoting Persian language and literature. The Ghaznavids also established prestigious institutions, contributing to the Islamic Golden Age. Their power eventually waned due to internal strife and outside invasions, paving the way for subsequent empires in the region.