Freedom of Navigation Operations (FONOPs)

Freedom of Navigation Operations (FONOPs) are actions taken by naval forces, primarily the United States, to assert and uphold international rights to navigate through waters that are claimed by other nations. These operations aim to challenge excessive maritime claims and ensure that sea routes remain open for global trade and military mobility. FONOPs typically involve sailing naval vessels through disputed areas, reinforcing the principle that international waters should be freely navigable for all countries, thereby promoting the rule of law at sea and reducing potential conflicts over maritime boundaries.