forensic DNA analysis

Forensic DNA analysis is a scientific method used to identify individuals based on their unique genetic material. When evidence like blood, hair, or skin cells is collected from a crime scene, forensic experts can extract DNA and compare it to samples from suspects or databases. Each person's DNA is distinct, making it a powerful tool for linking individuals to crimes or exonerating the innocent. The process typically involves techniques like polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to amplify DNA and short tandem repeat (STR) analysis to identify specific genetic markers, providing reliable evidence in criminal investigations and legal cases.