Fatimid period

The Fatimid period (909-1171) refers to a Shiite Islamic caliphate established by the Fatimid dynasty, which claimed descent from Fatima, the daughter of the Prophet Muhammad. Originating in North Africa, the Fatimids expanded their influence to Egypt, where they founded Cairo as their capital. This era is noted for its remarkable achievements in culture, trade, and architecture, exemplified by impressive structures like Al-Azhar University. The Fatimids promoted religious tolerance and contributed to the flourishing of arts and sciences, playing a significant role in the history of Islam and the broader Mediterranean world.