Exclusive Economic Zone Law

The Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is a maritime zone extending up to 200 nautical miles from a nation's coastline, where that country has special rights. In this area, the nation can explore and exploit natural resources, such as fish, oil, and gas. While other countries can navigate and fly over the EEZ, the coastal nation controls resource management and conservation. The EEZ is established under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), which aims to balance the rights of coastal states with the freedom of international navigation and overflight.