Enzyme immunoassay

An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) is a laboratory technique used to detect specific substances, typically proteins like hormones or antibodies, in a sample (like blood). The method involves attaching an enzyme to an antibody that binds to the target substance. Once the target is present, a chemical reaction occurs, leading to a measurable change, often a color change. This change indicates the presence and quantity of the target substance. EIAs are widely used in medical diagnostics, environmental testing, and research due to their sensitivity and specificity.