empirical data

Empirical data refers to information gathered through observation, experimentation, or experience rather than theory or speculation. It involves collecting measurable evidence in the real world to support or refute a claim or hypothesis. For instance, scientists gather empirical data through experiments, while researchers may collect survey responses or conduct field studies. This type of data is crucial in various fields, including science and social sciences, as it provides a foundation for conclusions, ensuring that findings are based on actual experience rather than assumptions or opinions.