Edwin Smith Papyrus (medical document)

The Edwin Smith Papyrus is an ancient Egyptian medical text, dated to around 1600 BCE but believed to be based on earlier works. It is one of the earliest known surgical documents and is primarily focused on trauma and surgery. The papyrus describes medical observations, diagnoses, and treatments for various injuries and ailments, emphasizing a systematic approach to medicine. Unlike many other ancient texts, it is grounded in practical experience and includes detailed anatomical descriptions. The document reflects the advanced understanding of medicine in ancient Egypt, blending scientific observation with practical treatment methods.