earthquake early warning

Earthquake early warning systems detect the initial, less damaging seismic waves (P-waves) emitted by an earthquake before the more destructive waves (S-waves) arrive. These systems use a network of ground sensors to quickly analyze seismic data and send alerts to nearby areas. Alerts can be issued a few seconds to minutes in advance, allowing people to take protective actions, such as dropping to the ground or moving to safety, and enabling automated systems, like shutting down trains or gas lines. While they can't prevent earthquakes, these systems help reduce injuries and damage by providing crucial seconds of warning.