Earth Pressure Balance (EPB) shield machine

An Earth Pressure Balance (EPB) shield machine is a type of tunneling equipment used to excavate underground tunnels, particularly in soft soils. It works by maintaining a balance between the pressure of the excavated earth and the pressure of the surrounding soil and groundwater. As it advances, it excavates soil while simultaneously using the extracted material to support the tunnel walls. This minimizes ground movement and reduces the risk of collapse. EPB machines are commonly used for subway systems and infrastructure projects, ensuring a safer, more efficient tunneling process.