DEMON (theory)

DEMON is a theoretical concept in physics related to the second law of thermodynamics. It describes a hypothetical "demon" that can sort molecules based on their energy levels, creating order from disorder. By allowing faster (hotter) molecules to pass one way and slower (cooler) molecules the other, the demon seemingly decreases entropy, which contradicts the natural tendency for systems to become more disordered. This thought experiment highlights the complexities of thermodynamics, particularly regarding energy, information, and the fundamental laws of physics, prompting deeper questions about how we understand order, disorder, and the nature of information in physical systems.