Computational Complexity

Computational complexity is a field in theoretical computer science that studies how difficult it is to solve problems using algorithms. It focuses on classifying problems based on the resources needed, such as time (how long it takes) and space (how much memory it uses). Problems are often categorized into classes like "easy" (can be solved quickly) and "hard" (take a long time even for computers). Understanding these complexities helps determine the limits of what can be efficiently computed, guiding both theoretical research and practical applications in areas like cryptography, optimization, and problem-solving.